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	<title>Society.ie &#187; EU | Society.ie</title>
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	<link>https://society.ie</link>
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		<title>The EU and the Globalization Trilemma</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2017/09/eu-globalization-trilemma/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2017/09/eu-globalization-trilemma/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 Sep 2017 16:48:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Ó Giobúin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Commission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Globalisation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sovereignty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://society.ie/?p=1015</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In his work The Crisis of the European Union (2012 – reviewed for society.ie here), Habermas argued for the uncoupling of democratic procedure from the sovereign state, on the grounds that the power of nation states to control the forces that substantially govern the lives of their citizens (market forces, natural environmental forces, etc.) is diminishing, with no indication to suggest this trend would be stop or be reversed. Habermas argues that trans-national bodies with a high degree of political power, such as the EU, are better able to control these forces, and therefore should have their powers expanded. Yet the consolidation of power by European institutions at the expense of national institutions does so at the detriment of achieving democratic consensus across Europe, with the issues of importance for one state differing from those of another. The myriad and competing public concerns of the European populace can be identified though the observation of why various referendums pertaining to European issues were rejected by the electorate of member states. The 2005 rejection of the Constitutional Treaty by France and the Netherlands, while yielding the same result, was defeated on starkly different grounds. In France, the commonly determined grounds for rejection [&#8230;]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Recovery, Growth and Politics: An Ocean Apart</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2017/07/recovery-growth-and-politics-an-ocean-apart/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2017/07/recovery-growth-and-politics-an-ocean-apart/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 24 Jul 2017 10:25:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[George Mircia]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ECB]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Federal Reserve]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Finance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Macroeconomics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Markets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Monetary Policy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://society.ie/?p=1003</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The end of 2016 and the first quarter of 2017 have been rather good periods for financial markets worldwide, with Trump’s election gave investors new promises and hopes, with deregulation, investments in infrastructure and energy projects at the top of the list]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2017/07/recovery-growth-and-politics-an-ocean-apart/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The European Pillar of Social Rights: A Timely Lifeline for the EU?</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2016/11/the-european-pillar-of-social-rights-a-timely-lifeline/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2016/11/the-european-pillar-of-social-rights-a-timely-lifeline/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Nov 2016 05:05:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tara Gallagher]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tara's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brexit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economic Inequality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ethics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=899</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The march of far-right wing political parties across Europe, the recent Brexit, and the US Presidential election of Donald Trump - have all signalled a sweeping social disconnect and disenfranchisement on both sides of the Atlantic. ]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2016/11/the-european-pillar-of-social-rights-a-timely-lifeline/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Parallelgesellschaften: Leicester Model and the Politics of Integration</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2016/05/parallelgesellschaften-leicester-model-and-the-politics-of-integration/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2016/05/parallelgesellschaften-leicester-model-and-the-politics-of-integration/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 31 May 2016 21:57:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Ó Giobúin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Integration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Parallel societies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Parallelgesellschaften]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Segregation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=882</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The terrorist bombings in Brussels and Paris in recent months have brought a strong and at times xenophobic edge to the continuing discussion on immigration and the integration of minorities in Europe. While previous articles on this website have focused on the migrant crisis, this article looks at issues with regards integration of migrants in European society, in particular the risks associated with the development of parallelgesellschaften (parallel societies) as expounded upon by Wilhelm Heitmeyer. While Heitmeyer’s seminal idea came to prominence in the early 1990s, the emergence of parallel societies far predates Heitmeyer’s analysis. Historical precedents suggests that ‘ghettoization’ of migrant communities in Europe is not, as often thought, a recent post Second World War phenomenon, but rather has historical precedents across Europe in all previous migration flow. Indeed France, one of the traditional case studies of modern day parallel societies, displayed parallelgesellschaftliche tendencies in some communes as early as the 1930s, where migrants from similar cultural and geographic backgrounds concentrated in specific arrondissements to the extent that 1,700 of the circa 36,000 communes in France had a foreign population close to or exceeding the native French population (Noiriel, 1988). A previous article addressed the geopolitical preferences often considered [&#8230;]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2016/05/parallelgesellschaften-leicester-model-and-the-politics-of-integration/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The end of Schengen and the Euro dream? Europe’s crisis of consensus</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/12/the-end-of-schengen-and-the-euro-dream-europes-crisis-of-consensus/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/12/the-end-of-schengen-and-the-euro-dream-europes-crisis-of-consensus/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Dec 2015 16:56:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tara Gallagher]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tara's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU integration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Schengen]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=705</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A European project which set out with the intention of complete convergence and policy harmonization has ironically, resulted in widespread divergence and disharmony.]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2015/12/the-end-of-schengen-and-the-euro-dream-europes-crisis-of-consensus/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Syrian crisis: Pragmatism in the face of suffering</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/09/syrian-crisis-pragmatism-in-the-face-of-suffering/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/09/syrian-crisis-pragmatism-in-the-face-of-suffering/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Sep 2015 07:00:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Ó Giobúin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Asylum]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Direct Provision]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Refugees]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=664</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There is a clear sense that the current crisis is a knee-jerk, short-sighted response to the crisis, a reaction to public pressures arising from the inflow of migrants into Europe as opposed to the actual cause of the displacement. Widespread public sympathy for the plight of migrants exists; itself in part generated by emotionally charged imagery from the media. Yet, the combination of high principles and low politics will not provide a lasting solution to the dilemma. One needs to remain aware that while many will seek to ease the ordeal of Syrian migrants by welcoming them into their country, others will not be so forthcoming in their acceptance. In August last year, I wrote that Islamaphobia is likely a perpetrating factor in the rise of radical Islam in countries such as France, Belgium and the UK; a theory I still maintain. The accommodation of individuals in Ireland, many of whom are arriving from a brutal and highly sectarian war zone, into a European country with a different language, culture and inhumane direct provision system, is unlikely to successfully integrate those individuals into Irish society, but rather foster the development of ethnic ‘parallel societies’ in Ireland as are already seen in [&#8230;]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2015/09/syrian-crisis-pragmatism-in-the-face-of-suffering/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Unity in Diversity? The European Migrant Crisis</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/09/unity-in-diversity-the-european-migrant-crisis/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/09/unity-in-diversity-the-european-migrant-crisis/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 20 Sep 2015 22:36:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tara Gallagher]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tara's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Direct Provision]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Germany]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Globalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Migrant Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Refugees]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sweden]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=625</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In order to comprehensively deal with the unfolding migrant crisis in the long-term, our compassion and empathy must not overshadow room for sustainable solutions, which would in turn jeopardise the quality of life for the refugees and migrants in question. This article aims to emphasise the importance of collective compassion and sympathy, while simultaneously advocating for pragmatic policy approaches, realistic to the capabilities of diverse Member States. The article will explore the policy responses of Germany and Sweden, the recipients of the highest influxes of refugees, discuss the system of Direct Provision in Ireland, and reflect on the quality of life for refugees after reaching Europe. Globalization, a relatively new sociological concept meaning that outcomes or events in one part of the world now affect others like never before, is responsible for what appears to be our most pressing contemporary crisis – the European migrant crisis. Globalization refers to the increasing acceleration in both global interdependence and consciousness of the world in terms of a global whole (Robertson, 1992:1). While globalization may be considered a recent phenomenon referring to the increasing interconnectedness of the global community, large-scale migration is nothing new. In fact, the mass movement of people has been historically [&#8230;]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>https://society.ie/2015/09/unity-in-diversity-the-european-migrant-crisis/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>A floating dilemma: the Mediterranean crisis</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/07/floating-dilemma-the-mediterranean-crisis/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/07/floating-dilemma-the-mediterranean-crisis/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2015 12:49:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Ó Giobúin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Asylum]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fortress Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Immigration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=531</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Amnesty International reported July 2014 that at least 2,600 individuals had died attempting to cross the Mediterranean since 2011. In the nine month period between October 2013 and June the following year, 43,430 would be migrants were rescued by the Italian Navy as part of Operation Mare Nostrum, a rescue initiative which cost the Italian government in the region of 9 million euro per month, and was wound down in November 2014 (Amnesty, 2014, pp. 22-23). While further engaging in search and rescue is likely to benefit both smugglers and illegal immigrants at the expense of the EU, curtailing it has already been shown not to decrease migration into EU territories so much as increase the risk involved in what has already become the world’s deadliest migration route. It remains important for programmes such as the Mare Nostrum programme initially pursued by the Italian government to be adopted on a pan-European basis in order to save lives and maintain the human rights the EU claims to uphold. However, in order to further ensure that the risk to individual life is limited while the integrity of the EU’s borders is maintained, it is essential not only to ensure efforts are conducted on [&#8230;]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>In review: &#8216;The Crisis of the European Union: a response&#8217;, by Jürgen Habermas</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/04/in-review-the-crisis-of-the-european-union-a-response-by-jurgen-habermas/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/04/in-review-the-crisis-of-the-european-union-a-response-by-jurgen-habermas/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Apr 2015 09:55:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ruairi Maguire]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Book Blog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Elections]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Habermas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Identity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Voting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=475</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Jürgen Habermas, in &#8220;The Crisis of the European Union: a response&#8221; presents a powerful case for (a)  the expansion of the powers of the European Union and (b) (more explicitly than in the case of (a)) the creation of a European &#8220;demos&#8221; or &#8220;civic solidarity&#8221; (p. 53). I shall address his arguments for both (a) and (b) separately, along with his assessment of the constraints in the way of the realisation of both aims. Habermas&#8217; case for (a) is a powerful one; what he argues for is an &#8220;uncoupling of the democratic procedure from the nation state&#8221; (p. 14). In this case, that entails the bolstering of the powers of the European Union. His case for this is roughly characterisable as follows; (i) Democratic government requires that citizens play a role in shaping the forces which (to some substantial degree) govern their lives. I shall leave this controversial thesis unchallenged for the most part, although I believe that there is a strong empirical case to be made that a politically apathetic citizenry is no barrier to good government and the functioning of a liberal (democratic) society. In any case, I think (i) can be modally qualified to the state that democratic [&#8230;]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Geopolitical preferences and the Securitization debate</title>
		<link>https://society.ie/2015/02/geopolitical-preferences-and-the-securitization-debate/</link>
		<comments>https://society.ie/2015/02/geopolitical-preferences-and-the-securitization-debate/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2015 10:50:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ryan Ó Giobúin]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan's digest]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[International]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Securitization]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://society.ie/?p=452</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The recent events in Paris have again brought the debate of securitization to the fore in European political dialogue. The acts, perpetrated by members of a minority ethnic community against a bastion of francité &#8211; the free press, has been decried not only in France, but across Europe as a continent and further afield. In its wake, not only have we seen acts of violence against ethnic minority communities, but also renewed calls for the rejection of multiculturalism and increased restriction on immigration. The securitization debate involves the framing of immigrants as an ‘existential, material and/or physical safety threat’, with something defined as a security problem when declared by elites to be so (Lahav et al., 2014, p. 213). The Hague Programme agreed upon by the European Council in 2004 was intended to strengthen pan-European control of illegal immigration by ‘establishing a continuum of security measures’, with such measures ‘also of importance for the prevention and control of crime, in particular terrorism’ (The Hague Programme, 2005, in Mitsilegas, 2012, p. 17). The maintenance of this ‘Fortress Europe’ mentality has arisen not only as a result of unwanted immigration being perceived as a burden on the resources of the state, but also in response to both the increased securitization [&#8230;]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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